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The minimum wage was increased to $1 per hour the Social Security System was broadened and in the spring of 1953 the Department of Health, Education, and Welfare was created. Controls over rents, wages, and prices were allowed to expire, and in 1954 there was a slight tax revision. He defeated Democratic candidate Adlai Stevenson II in a landslide, marking the first Republican return to the White House in 20 years.ĭomestically, Eisenhower pushed for reduced taxes, balanced budgets, a decrease in government control over the economy, and the return of certain federal responsibilities to the states. Switching to the Republican Party, Eisenhower defeated Robert Taft in the 1952 primaries, and on the campaign promised policies of Soviet containment, Korean peace, and moderate conservatism. Nevertheless, Eisenhower thought that NATO would become a truly European alliance, with the American and Canadian commitments ending after about ten years. During these years, Eisenhower helped push support for NATO, and by the middle of 1951, with American and European support, NATO was a genuine military power.

After returning to America in 1948, he recieved offers from Truman to launch a Democratic presidential bid, but he remained politically ambivalent. Initially, Eisenhower hoped for cooperation with the Soviets, but mid-1947, as East–West tensions over economic recovery in Germany and the Greek Civil War escalated, Eisenhower agreed with a containment policy to stop Soviet expansion. On the home front, where America was enjoying a period of relative prosperity, Eisenhower strengthened Social Security, created the massive new Interstate Highway System and maneuvered behind the scenes to discredit the rabid anti-Communist Senator Joseph McCarthy.įollowing the German unconditional surrender, Eisenhower was appointed military governor of the American occupation zone, located in Southern Germany. During his presidency, Eisenhower managed Cold War-era tensions with the Soviet Union under the looming threat of nuclear weapons, ended the war in Korea in 1953 and authorized a number of covert anti-communist operations by the CIA around the world. Eisenhower was the 34th president of the United States (1953–61), and Supreme Commander of the Allied forces in western Europe during World War II, He was responsible for planning and supervising the invasion of North Africa in Operation Torch in 1942–43 and the successful invasion of France and Germany in 1944–45 from the Western Front. One can hardly guess what will happen to it in the 21st.ĭwight D. A relatively young civilization, the United States formed in the 18th century, nearly self-destructed in the 19th century, and became the most powerful and dominant military, technological, cultural and economical civilization in the 20th. The United States of America is a world "super-power" (which more or less means that it possesses weapons capable of destroying everything on the planet).